TYPES OF PIPE MATERIAL

THEIR ARE BASICALLY TWO MATERIALS 

1) STEEL PIPES

2) FIBER REINFORCED PLASTIC PIPES

BUT AS IN STEEL PIPES VARIETIES OF MATERIAL THEIR WHICH MAY BE USED ACCORDING TO TEMPERATURE ,PRESSURE.

Steel Pipes Material are :

1) CARBON STEEL : A106 GRA,B,C , API 5L etc.

 Most commonly used material in piping , it can be used upto 427  °C.

2) ALLOY STEEL : A335 GR-P1, A335 GR-P11, A335 GR-P12, A335 GR-P22 etc.

 Used for high pressure and temperature services for steam and superheater headers.

3) STAINLESS STEEL :A312 TP-304,A312 TP-316 , A312 TP-321 etc.

Used for corrosive services , dairy and food industries.

PIPING MATERIALS MATCH CHART

The piping ASTM materials match chart shows, for example, that an A106 Gr. A pipe matches with ASTM A234 buttweld fitting, with an ASTM A105 forged fitting, flange or valve, with an A216 WCB cast valve and with ASTM A193 B7 stud bolts.

The same logic applies to any other ASTM material grade listed in the table.

PIPING MATERIALS	PIPES	BW FITTINGS	FORGINGS*	CAST VALVES	STUD BOLTS
High-Temperature Carbon Steel	A106 Gr A	A234 Gr WPA	A105	A216 Gr WCB	A193 Gr B7 A194 Gr 2H
	A106 Gr B/A53 Gr B/API 5L Gr. B	A234 Gr WPB	A105	A216 Gr WCB
	A106 Gr C	A234 Gr WPC	A105	A216 Gr WCB
Carbon Steel Alloy High-Temp	A335 Gr P1	A234 Gr WP1	A182 Gr F1	A217 Gr WC1	A193 Gr B7 A194 Gr 2H
	A335 Gr P11	A234 Gr WP11	A182 Gr F11	A217 Gr WC6
	A335 Gr P12	A234 Gr WP12	A182 Gr F12	A217 Gr WC6
	A335 Gr P22	A234 Gr WP22	A182 Gr F22	A217 Gr WC9
	A335 Gr P5	A234 Gr WP5	A182 Gr F5	A217 Gr C5
	A335 Gr P9	A234 Gr WP9	A182 Gr F9	A217 Gr C12
	A 335 Gr P91	A234 Gr WP91	A182 Fr F91
Carbon Steel Alloy Low-Temp	A333 Gr 6	A420 Gr WPL6	A350 Gr LF2	A352 Gr LCB	A320 Gr L7 A194 Gr 7
	A333 Gr 3	A420 Gr WPL3	A350 Gr LF3	A352 Gr LC3
Austenitic Stainless Steel	A312 Gr TP304	A403 Gr WP304	A182 Gr F304	A182 Gr F304	A193 Gr B8 A194 Gr 8
	A312 Gr TP316	A403 Gr WP316	A182 Gr F316	A182 Gr F316
	A312 Gr TP321	A403 Gr WP321	A182 Gr F321	A182 Gr F321
	A312 Gr TP347	A403 Gr WP347	A182 Gr F347	A182 Gr F347

* Forgings include: forged fittings, flanges, forged valves, some gaskets

COMMON ASTM MATERIALS FOR PIPING

STEEL PIPE MATERIALS

• ASTM A53 (Gr. A and B): seamless and welded carbon steel pipes for medium-high temperature and structural application

• ASTM A106 (Gr. A and B): Specification for seamless carbon steel pipe for high-temperature service
• ASTM A333 (Gr 1-11): Specification for seamless and welded pipes for low-temperature service

• ASTM A335 (Gr. P1 to P92): Specification for seamless ferritic alloy-steel pipe for high-temperature service

• ASTM A312 (TP 304, 316, 321, 347, etc): Standard specification for seamless, straight-seam welded, and cold worked welded austenitic stainless steel pipe intended for high-temperature and general corrosive service
• ASTM A790: Specification for seamless duplex and super duplex pipes (UNS S32205/31803 and UNS S32750/32760)

CAST VALVE MATERIALS

Cast valves feature a cast steel outer body:

• ASTM A216 (WCA, WBC, WCC): Specification for carbon steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, or other pressure-containing parts for high-temperature service and of the quality suitable for assembly with other castings or wrought steel parts by fusion welding

• ASTM A217: Specification for steel castings, martensitic stainless steel and alloys steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts intended primarily for high-temperature and corrosive service.

• ASTM A351 (CF8, CF8M): Specification for steel castings for Valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts intended primarily for low-temperature service

FORGED PIPING MATERIALS

This category includes the common materials used for socket weld and threaded fittings ASME B16.11 (forged fittings), valves with forged bodies (example API 602 / BS 5351 and BS 5352 valves), and steel flanges ASME B16.5.

          ASTM A105: Specification for standards for forged carbon steel piping components,                that  is, flanges, fittings, Valves, and similar parts, for use in pressure systems at                      ambient and higher-temperature service conditions

          ASTM A182: This specification covers forged or rolled alloy and stainless steel pipe                flanges, forged fittings, and Valves and parts for high-temperature service.

          ASTM A350: Specification for several grades of carbon and low alloy steel forged or                ring-rolled flanges, forged fittings and Valves for low-temperature service.

The chemical composition, mechanical properties and selection criteria for forged piping materials are analyzed in detail on this article.

BUTTWELD FITTINGS MATERIALS

• ASTM A234 (WPA, WPB, WPC): Specification for wrought carbon steel and alloy steel fittings of seamless and welded construction.

• ASTM A420: Standard specification for piping fittings of wrought carbon steel and alloy steel for low-temperature service.

• ASTM A403: Standard specification for wrought austenitic stainless steel piping fittings.

STUD BOLTS MATERIALS

• ASTM A193: Standard specification for alloy and stainless steel stud bolts materials for pressure vessels, valves, flanges, and fittings for high temperature or high pressure service, or other special purpose applications.
• ASTM A320: Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for Low-Temperature Service.
• ASTM A194: Standard specification for hexagonal steel nuts materials to match A193 and A320 stud bolts (threaded rod)